Centrifugal water pumps are widely used in automboile engines. Its basic structure is composed of parts such as water pump housing, connection or pulley, water pump shaft and bearing, water pump impeller and water sealing device, and is the main component of the car.

working principle

The engine drives the water pump bearing and impeller to rotate through the belt, and the coolant in the water pump is driven by the inpeller to rotate together, and the thrown away under the action of centrifugal force.

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To the edge of the water pump housing, a certain pressure is generated at the same time, and then flows out from the water outlet or water pipe. The pressure at the center of the impeller is reduced due to the cooling liquid being dumped, and the cooling liquid in the water tank is sucked into the impeller through the water pipe under the action of the difference between the water pump inlet and the center of the impeller to realize the reciprocating cycle of cooling.

The bearings supporting the water pump are lubricated with grease, so it is necessary to prevent the coolant from leaking into the grease to cause emulaification of the grease, and to prevent the grease from leaking. The sealing measures for water pumps to prevent leakage include water seals and gaskets. The water seal dynamic seal ring and the shaft are installed between the impeller and the bearing through interference fit, and the water seal is tightly pressed ont eh casing of the water pump to achieve the purpose of sealing the coolant.

The water pump housing is connected to the engine by a gasket and supports moving parts such as bearings. There is also a drain hole on the water pump housing to prevent the coolant from entering the bearing chamber and destroying the bearing lubrication and causing corrosion of the components. If the coolant leaks after the engine is stopped, the water seal is damaged.

pump drive

Generally driven by the crankshaft of the engine through a V-belt. The transmission belt is looped between the crankshaft pulley and the water pump pulley. When the crankshaft rotates, the water pump shaft will also torate, and the water pump shaft will drive the impeller to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The impeller is the core of the pump. The movement of the impeller itself is very simple, just rotating with the shaft. However,due to the action of the blades, the movement of the liquid in the impeller is very complicated; ont eh one hand, it moves with the rotation of the impeller, and on the other hand, it is continuously thrown out from the rotating impeller driven by the blades, that is, the movement relative to the impeller. Therefore, the outer diameter of the impeller, the height and angle of the impeller blades, and the gap with the pump casing directly affect the performance of the pump.

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